Questions for the course "Advanced Softwrae Engineering Methodologies (ASEM)" with focus on Module C, with the topic: "Methodology For Startups" with "Lean Startup" and "Design Thinking (DT)".
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When was the book titled "Lean Software Development An Agile Toolkit" released?
2003
How can Lean software development be described in one sentence?
Resources and processes are optimized to help deliver maximum value to stakeholders
What is the main goal for Lean Software Development?
Utalize Lean principles
Eliminate waste
Empower the team
Deliver as fast as possible
What is a start-up?
New company created to develop & validate a scalable business model
New project created to develop & validate a scalable business model
What are start-ups known for?
Creating novel products
Using modern technology
Using cutting-edge technology
What are some aspects, that software start-ups have to deal with?
A highly competitive market
Scarce human resources
Scarce material resources
High uncertainty
When did studies in Software Engineering literature start to appear
1990's
What are some characteristics of a lean Start-up?
Must also focus on buisness strategies and needs
Use of feedback from customers early and often
Collection of data to make informed decisions, from users
What are the seven principles of Lean Software Development?
Optimize the whole
Eliminate waste
Build quality in
Learn constantly
Deliver fast
Engage everyone
Keep getting better
What does the lean principle "Optimize the whole" mean?
A deep understanding of the customers' requirements, and how they are translated into software
Value is delivered in the context of a large system
Value is mostly attributed to the development, design and deployment phase
Ability to evolve
What does the lean principle "Eliminate waste" mean?
Waste entails anything that doesn't add customer value or knowledge about how to deliver value more effectively
Eliminateing unnecessary features
Where are some of the common sources of waste in software development?
Large batches of partially done work created in sequential development process
In the boundaries between different functions
Loss in knowledge when work crosses boundaries
What does the lean principle "Build quality in" mean?
Continuously integrate small units of software into larger systems
Uses practices such as test-driven development to integrate quality assurance
What was proposed in 1970 på IBM's Harlan Mills?
Top-down programming
Modules are integrated into the overall system as they are written
What does the lean principle "Learn constantly" mean?
Explore mulitple options for expensive-to-change decisions
Delay critical decision to the last responsible moment
Make decicion based on the best available knowledge at the time
Build a minimum set of capabilities to get started
Frequently deliver, to get feedback from real customer experiences
Minimize the effort spent developing things that are not needed
What does the lean principle "Deliver fast" mean?
Production releases occur frequently
Software is developbed in a flow system, where it is designed, developed and delived in a steady flow of small changes
What does the lean principle "Engage everyone" mean?
Empowering people
Encouraging teamwork
Moving decision-making to the lowest possible level
Software development is thought os as a product development and located in line business units
Teams include people who understand customers, designers, developers, testers, operations, support and finance
What does the lean principle "Keep getting better" mean?
every work system is improved constantly, using scientific methods
Work is improved under guidance of a teacher at the lowest possible level
When does agile work best?
When the problem is known to the stakeholders
What is the key points brought fourth by Eric Ries, when he introduced the concept "Lean Startup"
Advocates to build product iteratively and deliver to the market for early feedback
When did Eric Ries introduce the concept "Lean Startup"?
2011
What are the three components of a startup, as described by Eric Ries?
Institution
Innovation
Extreme uncertainty
What is some characteristics of startups?
Youth and immaturity
Limited resources
Multiple influences
Dynamic technologies and markets
What are some of the lean startup principles?
Entrepreneurs are everywhere
Entrepreneurship is management
Validated learning
Build-measure-learn
Innovation accounting
What is the issue with acquisitions?
Not easy
Takes a long time
May contain a lot of risk
What are some of the characteristics of internal startups?
High-experienced team
Controlled environment
Full og resources
Targeting on new market segment
Breaking the "law"
Highly depends on the coporate strategy
What are some key take-aways from "Lean startup: why large software companies should care"
Entrepreneurship will not be successful in large bureaucratic environments
Autonomy and freedom without following existing procedures are essential to innovate
Coporate venturing is not a stand-alone activity
Applying lean startup methodology helps companies build the right product and find market fit
For internal startups, management also acts as a customer
What are some key characteristics of Design Thinking (DT)?
Helpful uin solving problems when they are not well-defined
Focus on understanding the users' requirements
Generating iterative and innovative solutions
Obtain deep understanding of users' needs by interaction
What are some of the principles of Design Thinking (DT)?
Innovation is made by humans for humans
Build prototypes that can be experienced
Fail early and often
Design never ends
What is the traditional five step process of Design Thinking (DT)?
Empathize
Define
Ideate
Prototype
Test
What are some common claims about the design thinking adoption?
Helps produce user-centered software
Promote more collaborative environment
What are the three strategies for adopting design thinking in software development?
Upfront DT
Infused DT
Continuous DT
In design thinking, what is the upfront DT strategy?
DT is considered as a start activity
Used to understand the customer and to identify the usefull features to implement
In design thinking, what is the infused DT strategy?
DT is considered as a toolbox for supporting existing requirement engineering activities
In design thinking, what is the continuous DT strategy?
DT is seen as a whole integrated approach
Involve the customers along the full development cycle
In design thinking what research area, is up-front DT most used in, when looking at literature?
Academic
In design thinking what research area, is infused DT most used in, when looking at literature?
Industry
In design thinking what research area, is continuous DT most used in, when looking at literature?
Industry
What are some insights from the systematic mapping on design thinking?
Based on: How has design thinking being used and integrated into software development activities? A systematic mapping
Upfront DT is the most cited strategy for integrating DT
DT supports teams in discovering the users' needs
DT supports teams in validating the candidate solution proposals at the beginning of the requirements engineering process
What are some of the most commong factors concerning the use of Design Thinking (DT) in software development?
Based on: How has design thinking being used and integrated into software development activities? A systematic mapping
Time pressue
Reach end users
Unavailability of resources
Lack of collaboration
Lack of knowledge in DT
Lack of employee commitment